
Table of Contents
Child support office Anchorage AK inquiries are incredibly common for parents looking to secure financial stability for their children. Handling matters related to family law requires patience, clear information, and an understanding of state guidelines. The State of Alaska takes the financial well-being of children very seriously. Whether you are seeking to establish a new support order, modify an existing one, or enforce payments that have fallen behind, understanding how the local agencies operate is essential.
The primary agency responsible for these matters is the State of Alaska Department of Revenue, specifically the Child Support Services Division. While this state agency handles the administrative side of support collections and enforcement, the actual legal strategy and protection of your rights often require professional legal counsel. At BFQ Law, located right here in Alaska, our team is dedicated to providing clear, effective legal assistance.
In this incredibly detailed guide, we will cover everything you need to know about working with state agencies, understanding Alaska Civil Rule 90.3, and ensuring your rights are protected throughout the legal process.
Table of Contents
- ➤ Understanding the Child Support Services Division in Alaska
- ➤ Key Services Provided by the State Agency
- ➤ Alaska Civil Rule 90.3: The Formula for Financial Support
- ➤ How Custody Arrangements Affect Payments
- ➤ Establishing Paternity in Alaska
- ➤ The Process of Modifying an Existing Order
- ➤ Enforcement Methods: What Happens When Payments Stop
- ➤ Extraordinary Medical Expenses and Extracurricular Activities
- ➤ Working with Out of State Parents (UIFSA)
- ➤ Self-Employment and Hidden Income
- ➤ The Role of Mediation in Family Law Financial Disputes
- ➤ Estate Planning and Child Support
- ➤ Common Mistakes Parents Make
- ➤ Why Hiring a Dedicated Law Firm Matters
- ➤ Preparing for Your Court Hearing or Agency Meeting
- ➤ Expanding on Custody Disputes and Support Adjustments
- ➤ Understanding the Appeals Process
- ➤ Frequently Asked Questions
- ➤ Conclusion
Understanding the Child Support Services Division in Alaska
The Child Support Services Division is the state agency tasked with ensuring that children receive the financial support they deserve. For parents living in the state's largest city, interactions with this agency are a standard part of resolving family disputes. The agency provides a variety of administrative services that help families formalize financial obligations without necessarily having to argue every point in a courtroom.
Core Mission. The primary goal of the agency is to promote the well-being of children by ensuring that both parents contribute financially to their upbringing. They operate under strict state and federal regulations to establish paternity, create support orders, and collect payments.
Administrative Focus. It is very important to understand that the agency works on behalf of the State of Alaska, not on behalf of either parent. They do not represent the mother or the father in a legal capacity. Their objective is purely to enforce the state laws regarding financial support. Therefore, if you have a complex case involving hidden assets, disputes over income, or intertwined custody issues, relying solely on the state agency might not be sufficient. You need an advocate who represents your specific interests.
This is where private legal counsel becomes invaluable. Our experienced attorneys at BFQ Law can provide the personalized attention your case needs.
Key Services Provided by the State Agency
When you engage with the local state office, they offer several specific services. Understanding these services helps you know what to expect and when you might need to supplement their administrative work with private legal representation.
Locating Non-Custodial Parents. Often, the first hurdle in establishing an order is finding the parent who does not have primary physical custody. The agency has access to various state and federal databases to help locate individuals. They can check employment records, tax filings, and other government systems to find a parent's address and employer.
Establishing Paternity. If a child's parents were not married at the time of birth, paternity must be legally established before any financial orders can be issued. The state office facilitates voluntary acknowledgments of paternity and can arrange for genetic testing if paternity is contested.
Establishing Financial Orders. Once paternity is clear and parents are located, the agency calculates the required payment amount based on the income of the parents and the custody arrangement. They use a very specific formula mandated by state law.
Enforcing Payments. If a parent fails to make their required payments, the agency has strong enforcement tools at its disposal. They can garnish wages, intercept tax refunds, and seize the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend.
Modifying Orders. Life circumstances change frequently. If there is a significant shift in income or custody, the agency can review the case to determine if the payment amount should be adjusted up or down.
Alaska Civil Rule 90.3: The Formula for Financial Support
To fully grasp how cases are handled in this state, you must understand Alaska Civil Rule 90.3. This is the bedrock law that dictates exactly how much money a parent must pay. Unlike some states that use highly subjective measures, Alaska uses a strict mathematical formula based primarily on the non-custodial parent's net income.
Calculating Gross Income. The very first step in the formula is determining the total income from all sources. This includes wages, salaries, tips, bonuses, commissions, and self-employment earnings. It also includes passive income such as dividends, royalties, and rental income. Even the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend is factored into the calculation. According to the Alaska Court System guidelines, both parents must provide complete and accurate financial disclosures, including recent tax returns and pay stubs.
Allowable Deductions. Once the gross income is established, the state allows certain mandatory deductions to arrive at the "net income" used for the calculation. Allowable deductions include federal state and local income taxes, Social Security and Medicare taxes, mandatory retirement contributions, and mandatory union dues. It is crucial to note that voluntary contributions to retirement accounts or voluntary deductions do not reduce the income used to calculate the support obligation.
Applying the Percentages. After the net income is calculated, the state applies a specific percentage based on the number of children involved. For one child, the obligation is 20 percent of the adjusted annual income. For two children, it is 27 percent. For three children, the rate is 33 percent. Each additional child adds an extra 3 percent to the total obligation.
Income Caps and Minimums. The state law does recognize that extremely high or extremely low incomes require special rules. There is a minimum support order of 50 dollars per month, regardless of how low the parent's income might be. Conversely, there is an income cap. If the paying parent earns more than the current cap amount, the standard percentages only apply up to that cap. Any additional support beyond the cap requires a special showing that the child has unmet needs.
How Custody Arrangements Affect Payments
One of the most complex areas of family law is the intersection between where the child lives and who pays for their care. The exact custody arrangement has a massive impact on the final financial calculation. There are generally three types of custody arrangements recognized for these calculations.
Primary Physical Custody. In a primary custody situation, the children reside with one parent for more than 70 percent of the year. In this scenario, the calculation is straightforward. The non-custodial parent pays the flat percentage of their net income as described above. The assumption is that the primary custodial parent is already spending their share of resources directly on the children by providing housing, food, and daily care.
Shared Physical Custody. Shared custody occurs when the children reside with each parent for at least 30 percent of the year. The calculation here becomes significantly more complicated. The court must calculate the support obligation for both parents as if the other had primary custody. Then, the court multiplies each parent's obligation by the percentage of time the other parent has custody. The two resulting figures are offset against each other, and the parent with the higher remaining obligation pays the difference.
Divided Custody. This is a less common scenario where there are multiple children, and each parent has primary custody of at least one child. The court calculates what each parent would owe the other for the child living in the other household. These amounts are then offset, and the parent with the higher obligation pays the net difference.
Dealing with shared and divided custody calculations often leads to significant disputes over exactly how many overnight stays each parent has. This is where having professional legal assistance from BFQ Law proves extremely beneficial. Our attorneys excel at reviewing custody logs and ensuring the mathematical formulas are applied fairly and accurately.
Establishing Paternity in Alaska
Before the state can issue an order for financial care, legal fatherhood must be established. If a married couple has a child, the husband is legally presumed to be the father. However, for unmarried parents, legal steps must be taken.
Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity. The easiest and most common way to establish fatherhood is through a voluntary affidavit. Both parents sign this legal document at the hospital when the child is born, or at a later date. Once filed with the state Bureau of Vital Statistics, the man becomes the legal father with all the rights and responsibilities that entails.
Genetic Testing. If there is any doubt or dispute regarding the identity of the biological father, either parent or the state agency can request a DNA test. The local state agency regularly facilitates genetic testing. A simple cheek swab is taken from the mother, the child, and the alleged father. The scientific accuracy of these tests is incredibly high. If the test confirms a biological match, the state will issue an administrative order establishing paternity.
Court Ordered Paternity. In some highly contested cases, an administrative process is not enough. One party may refuse to cooperate with genetic testing, or there may be competing claims of fatherhood. In these situations, it is necessary to file a civil lawsuit to establish paternity. The court has the authority to order mandatory DNA testing and issue a final judgment.
Establishing paternity is not just about financial obligations. It is deeply connected to family law, custody rights, and the child's rights to inheritance. At BFQ Law, our practice areas span far beyond simple support calculations. We handle broad family law matters, civil litigation, and wills, trusts & estates. Establishing paternity is often the first step in ensuring a child is properly protected in an estate plan.
The Process of Modifying an Existing Order
Financial situations change. Parents lose jobs, get promoted, or have new children. The state law recognizes that an order created five years ago might not be fair or appropriate today. However, you cannot simply stop paying or agree informally with the other parent to change the amount. Any change must be legally formalized through a modification.
The 15 Percent Rule. In Alaska, the standard threshold for modifying an order is a "material change in circumstances." The court specifically defines this as a situation where applying the current income to the formula would result in an obligation that is at least 15 percent higher or lower than the current order. If the change does not meet this 15 percent threshold, the state agency and the courts will generally refuse to alter the current amount.
Filing for Modification. Either parent has the right to request a modification. You can submit a formal request for review to the state administrative agency. They will require both parents to submit updated financial affidavits, recent tax returns, and pay stubs. The agency will run the numbers and, if the 15 percent rule is met, issue a notice of a proposed modified order.
Court Petitions for Modification. Sometimes the administrative process is too slow, or the other parent refuses to provide accurate financial information. In these cases, you must file a formal motion to modify in state court. This requires drafting legal pleadings, serving the opposing party, and presenting evidence to a judge.
Temporary Job Loss. It is vital to understand that a brief period of unemployment is not usually sufficient grounds for a permanent modification. The courts look at earning capacity. If a parent voluntarily quits a high paying job to avoid their financial responsibilities, the court can "impute" income. This means the judge will calculate the obligation based on what the parent should be earning, rather than what they are actually earning.
If you are facing a significant life change and believe your financial obligations need adjustment, proactive action is essential. Unpaid balances will accrue rapidly, and the court generally will not forgive debts that pile up before you formally file for a modification.
Enforcement Methods: What Happens When Payments Stop
When a parent fails to meet their court ordered financial obligations, the state employs aggressive collection methods. The Alaska child support office has significant authority to recover past due balances, known legally as "arrears."
Wage Garnishment. The most common and direct method of enforcement is an income withholding order. The state agency sends a legal directive directly to the delinquent parent's employer. The employer is legally mandated to deduct the required amount from the employee's paycheck and send it directly to the state.
Permanent Fund Dividend Intercept. A collection tool unique to this state is the interception of the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend. Every year, eligible residents receive a dividend from state oil revenues. If a parent owes arrears, the state will automatically seize their dividend check to pay down the debt.
Tax Refund Interception. Similar to the PFD, the state agency works with the federal government to intercept federal income tax refunds. Before the IRS sends a refund check to a parent who owes arrears, the money is diverted to cover the unpaid child support.
License Suspension. The state can revoke state issued licenses for failure to pay. This includes driver's licenses, professional occupational licenses, and even recreational hunting and fishing licenses. Losing a driver's license or professional license can severely impact a person's ability to work, making this a highly contentious enforcement tool.
Bank Account Seizures. In severe cases of nonpayment, the state agency has the authority to issue levies against bank accounts. They can freeze the account and withdraw funds directly to satisfy the debt.
Passport Denial. For parents owing significant arrears, the state can notify the federal government to deny the issuance or renewal of a United States passport. This restricts international travel until the debt is addressed.
If you are facing severe enforcement actions, or if you are trying to collect unpaid arrears from an uncooperative parent, legal intervention is often necessary. While the state agency has many tools, they manage thousands of cases. Hiring a private firm ensures your specific case receives dedicated attention.
Extraordinary Medical Expenses and Extracurricular Activities
The standard formula calculated under Rule 90.3 is intended to cover the basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, and shelter. However, children often have expenses that go far beyond the basics.
Health Insurance. State law requires that medical support be addressed in every order. Typically, the court will order one parent to provide health insurance coverage for the children if it is available at a reasonable cost through their employer. The cost of the insurance premium that is strictly attributable to the children is factored into the final mathematical calculation, providing a slight deduction for the parent paying the premium.
Uninsured Medical Expenses. Even with great health insurance, there are always out of pocket costs for things like copays, braces, eyeglasses, and prescription medications. Generally, the court orders that these uninsured medical expenses be split equally between the two parents, up to a certain dollar limit per year. If expenses exceed that limit, the remainder is usually split based on the proportional income of each parent.
Extracurricular Activities. Sports, music lessons, summer camps, and tutoring are common sources of conflict between divorced or separated parents. The standard state formula does not explicitly include money for these activities. Therefore, if parents want to ensure these costs are shared, they must specifically address them in a settlement agreement or argue for a deviation from the standard formula in court.
Handling disputes over extracurricular costs requires skilled negotiation. Finding common ground outside of a courtroom is always preferable when managing the daily costs of raising a child.
Working with Out of State Parents (UIFSA)
It is increasingly common for parents to live in different states. When one parent lives in Alaska and the other lives elsewhere, the legal landscape becomes complicated. The Uniform Interstate Family Support Act is a federal law adopted by all states to manage these exact situations.
Jurisdiction. The most critical issue in interstate cases is determining which state has the authority to establish or modify the order. Generally, the state that issues the very first order retains "continuing exclusive jurisdiction" over the case as long as one parent or the child remains in that state.
Enforcement Across State Lines. If the paying parent moves away from Anchorage, the local agency can use the interstate act to enforce the order in the new state. They send a formal request to the child support agency in the new state, which then uses its own local laws to garnish wages or seize assets.
Modifying Out of State Orders. If neither parent nor the child lives in the state that issued the original order, that state loses jurisdiction. To modify the order, the parents must register the order in the new state where the responding party resides.
Interstate litigation is highly technical. If you are dealing with a parent living outside of Alaska, relying solely on administrative agencies can result in long delays. Hiring a firm that understands civil litigation and family law across state lines is critical for a fast resolution.
Self-Employment and Hidden Income
One of the most challenging aspects of calculating financial obligations is dealing with self-employed individuals. Unlike a W-2 employee with clear pay stubs, a self-employed parent has significant control over their reported income.
Determining True Income. For self-employed individuals, the court looks beyond the simple "net profit" listed on a tax return. Business owners often take legitimate tax deductions that do not actually affect their cash flow or available income. For example, accelerated depreciation on equipment reduces taxable income on paper but does not reduce the money available to support a child.
Forensic Accounting. In high conflict cases involving business owners, it may be necessary to employ forensic accountants. These financial experts review business ledgers, bank statements, and tax returns to reconstruct the true income of the parent. They look for personal expenses hidden as business expenses, such as car payments, cell phone bills, and travel costs.
Imputing Income. If the court determines that a self-employed parent is intentionally underreporting their income or intentionally underemployed, the judge has the legal authority to assign an income level to that parent. The judge will look at the parent's work history, education, local job market, and lifestyle to determine what they should reasonably be earning.
At BFQ Law, our deep background in civil litigation provides us with the investigative tools necessary to uncover hidden assets and ensure that self-employed parents pay their fair share based on their true economic reality.
The Role of Mediation in Family Law Financial Disputes
Going to trial over financial calculations is stressful, expensive, and time-consuming. Because the state uses a mathematical formula, many disputes can be resolved before ever stepping foot in a courtroom.
Benefits of Mediation. Mediation is a voluntary process where a neutral third party helps parents communicate and negotiate an agreement. In financial disputes, a mediator can help parents agree on the underlying numbers used in the formula, such as exactly how many overnight visits each parent has, or the true value of a self-employed parent's income.
Creative Solutions. A judge is strictly bound by the rules of law and has limited flexibility. In mediation, parents can create customized solutions that benefit their specific family. For example, parents might agree to a slightly lower monthly payment in exchange for one parent agreeing to pay completely for college tuition or a specific expensive extracurricular activity.
Protecting the Children. Litigation breeds hostility, which inevitably impacts the children. Mediation fosters cooperation. Parents who reach agreements through mediation are statistically much more likely to comply with those agreements over the long term because they had a hand in creating them.
Mediation and settlement/dispute resolution are core practice areas at our firm. We believe in helping families find constructive, forward-looking solutions rather than engaging in endless legal battles.
Estate Planning and Child Support
An often overlooked aspect of family law is how financial obligations interact with estate planning. If a parent who is obligated to pay support passes away, the obligation does not necessarily disappear.
Claims Against the Estate. If the paying parent dies with outstanding arrears, the custodial parent can file a claim against the deceased parent's estate. This debt must generally be paid before inheritances are distributed to other heirs.
Life Insurance Requirements. To protect the financial future of the children, family law judges routinely order the paying parent to maintain a life insurance policy naming the children or the custodial parent as the beneficiary. This ensures that a lump sum of money is available to replace the lost monthly income in the event of an untimely death.
Trusts for Minor Children. If a child receives a large life insurance payout or inheritance, they cannot legally manage those funds until they become an adult. Creating a trust is essential to ensure the money is used properly for the child's education and well-being.
Because BFQ Law handles wills, trusts & estates in addition to family law, we provide a holistic approach to your legal needs. We can ensure that your divorce or custody settlement properly protects your children in all future scenarios.
Common Mistakes Parents Make
Handling legal obligations without professional advice often leads to costly errors. We frequently see parents making the same mistakes when dealing with financial support matters.
Relying on Informal Agreements. The most dangerous mistake parents make is agreeing to change the payment amount verbally without submitting a formal modification to the court or the state agency. For example, if a father loses his job and the mother verbally agrees he can pay half the normal amount for a few months, that verbal agreement is legally meaningless. The official court order continues to accrue at the full amount. Years later, the state can enforce the collection of those arrears, and the court will not recognize the informal handshake deal. Every change must be in writing and approved by a judge or the state agency.
Ignoring Official Mail. The state agency sends notices via certified mail. Ignoring these letters will not make the problem disappear. If you fail to respond to a notice of paternity or a petition for support, the agency will enter a default judgment against you. This means they will calculate the amount owed using whatever information they have, which is almost always detrimental to the person ignoring the mail.
Withholding Visitation for Non-Payment. Child support and child custody are two entirely separate legal issues. If one parent fails to pay their required support, the other parent absolutely cannot retaliate by refusing visitation rights. Doing so violates the custody order and can result in the custodial parent being held in contempt of court.
Quitting Work to Avoid Paying. The court system has little patience for parents who try to manipulate their income to avoid supporting their children. Voluntarily quitting a job, taking a lower paying job on purpose, or hiding money in cash businesses will likely result in the judge imputing income, leaving the parent with a financial obligation they genuinely cannot afford but are legally bound to pay.
Why Hiring a Dedicated Law Firm Matters
The state administrative process is designed for mass efficiency, not for nuanced legal advocacy. The case workers at the local offices manage enormous caseloads and cannot provide legal advice. They strictly process paperwork according to state guidelines.
When you hire a private firm, you gain an advocate whose sole focus is protecting your rights and securing the best possible outcome for your family. We review every line of the financial disclosures. We cross-examine claims of poverty by opposing parties. We prepare incredibly detailed legal briefs to present to the judge.
Whether your case involves a straightforward calculation or a highly complex civil litigation dispute over hidden assets, having a legal professional on your side changes the dynamic entirely.
Preparing for Your Court Hearing or Agency Meeting
Organization is your best asset when dealing with financial legal matters. Whether you have a meeting scheduled with a state caseworker or a formal hearing before a family court judge, you must come prepared.
Gather Your Financial Documents. The basis of every calculation is your financial history. You should prepare a binder containing your last three years of state and federal tax returns, your last six months of pay stubs, W-2 forms, 1099 forms, and detailed bank statements. If you own a business, bring complete profit and loss statements.
Document Medical Costs. Bring proof of health insurance premiums specifically showing the cost of covering the child. Gather receipts for all out of pocket medical, dental, and vision expenses.
Track Parenting Time. Because shared custody impacts the financial calculation, keeping a precise calendar of overnight visits is critical. Bring a clear log showing exactly when the child was in your care over the past year.
Communicate Clearly. When speaking with agency officials or a judge, stick to the facts. Avoid emotional attacks on the other parent. Focus strictly on the financial numbers and the well-being of the child. Presenting yourself as organized, calm, and focused on your child's needs will serve you well in any legal setting.
Expanding on Custody Disputes and Support Adjustments
It is vital to reiterate how closely tied custody schedules are to financial obligations. In Anchorage, family courts look very closely at the actual, day-to-day reality of where the child sleeps. If an official court order states that parents have a 50/50 shared custody arrangement, but the reality is that the child spends 90 percent of their time with the mother, the mother has grounds to request a modification of both the custody order and the financial order to reflect the true situation.
Proving the reality of a custody arrangement requires evidence. This evidence can include school attendance records, text messages between parents discussing pick ups and drop offs, and testimony from neutral third parties like daycare providers or coaches.
In situations involving domestic violence or substance abuse, custody arrangements become highly restrictive, often resulting in supervised visitation for one parent. In these cases, the primary custodial parent handles 100 percent of the overnight care, which maximizes the financial obligation of the restricted parent. Our attorneys are highly experienced in handling sensitive family law matters involving protective orders and restricted custody, ensuring that both the physical safety and the financial security of the child are prioritized.
Understanding the Appeals Process
If a state administrative agency or a family court judge makes a final ruling on a financial order that you believe is legally incorrect, you have the right to appeal that decision.
Administrative Appeals. If the Child Support Services Division issues a decision you disagree with, you can request a formal administrative review. This is usually a hearing before an administrative law judge who works for the state but is separate from the original caseworker.
Superior Court Appeals. If you are unsatisfied with the administrative judge's decision, you can file an appeal with the Alaska Superior Court. This is a formal civil litigation process. The Superior Court judge will review the record of the administrative hearing to determine if the agency made a legal error or abused its discretion.
Strict Deadlines. The appeals process is governed by extremely strict deadlines. If you miss the window to file your appeal, typically 30 days, the original decision becomes permanent and unchangeable, regardless of how unfair it might be. If you receive an unfavorable ruling, you must contact a legal professional immediately to preserve your right to appeal.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does a parent have to pay for a child in Alaska?
In the state of Alaska, the legal obligation to provide financial care continues until the child turns 18 years old. However, if the child is 18, unmarried, and actively enrolled in high school or an equivalent program, the obligation continues until they graduate or turn 19, whichever occurs first. The obligation ends immediately if the child becomes legally emancipated, joins the military, or gets married.
Can the state agency help me establish a custody schedule?
No. The administrative state agency only handles financial matters. They can establish paternity and calculate monetary obligations, but they have zero authority to dictate who gets custody of the child or to establish visitation schedules. To establish or modify a custody arrangement, you must file a formal petition in the state family court.
What happens if the paying parent moves to another country?
Collecting payments internationally is difficult but not impossible. The United States has reciprocal agreements with dozens of foreign countries regarding family law obligations. If the parent moves to a country with a reciprocal agreement, the local agency can work with the foreign government to enforce the order. If they move to a country without an agreement, enforcement becomes a complex matter of international civil litigation.
Does the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend (PFD) count as income?
Yes. The state specifically includes the annual PFD in the gross income calculation for Rule 90.3. When calculating the annual income, the entire amount of the PFD received in that tax year is added to the parent's wages and other earnings before the percentage formulas are applied.
I am paying for stepchildren. Does that reduce my legal obligation to my biological children?
No. Under state law, voluntary financial contributions to stepchildren do not qualify as a mandatory deduction from your gross income when calculating the obligation for your biological children. You are only allowed deductions for biological or legally adopted children from previous relationships who are supported by a prior court order.
Conclusion
Handling legal obligations involving minor children is one of the most stressful experiences a parent can face. The numbers calculated on a state worksheet dictate your monthly budget, your standard of living, and most importantly, the resources available to your children. While the state provides a framework through agencies and mathematical formulas, the strict application of these rules requires careful oversight.
A single mistake in calculating gross income, a failure to account for an allowable deduction, or a misunderstanding of a custody schedule can result in years of unfair financial burdens or insufficient support for a child. You do not have to accept the initial calculations provided by an administrative caseworker as absolute truth. You have the right to challenge the data, request modifications, and demand strict enforcement of the law.
Our team at BFQ Law understands the profound impact these legal decisions have on your daily life. We combine our deep knowledge of Alaska Civil Rule 90.3 with our broad experience in civil litigation, mediation, and family law to provide aggressive, strategic representation. We do not just look at the immediate numbers; we look at the long term financial health of your family, integrating our services in wills, trusts & estates to ensure total protection.
If you would like to discuss your situation with an attorney, reach out through our contact page. BFQ Alaska is located at 550 W. 8th Ave, Anchorage, Alaska 99501. You can also call (907) 868-2780 or email secretary@BFQLaw.com.
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